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Worksheet 15.1 eXtensible Markup Language - XML

XML is a mark-up language. HTML is also a mark-up language. XML looks very similar to HTML, but it is different from XML.

Some of the differences between XML and HTML are:

XML is used to store and transport data, not to create web pages like HTML.
XML tags are not predefined, but HTML tags are.
XML can be extended (you can add new tags). You can not add new tags to HTML.

For more information on XML see https://www.w3schools.com/xml/default.asp.

Here is a sample of an XML document:

<person>
  <name>Chuck</name>
  <phone type="intl">
    +1 734 303 4456
  </phone>
  <email hide="yes" />
</person>

Each pair of opening (e.g., <person>) and closing tags (e.g., <\person>) represents a element or node with the same name as the tag (e.g., person). Each element can have some text, some attributes (e.g., hide), and other nested elements. If an XML element is empty (i.e., has no content), then it may be depicted by a self-closing tag (e.g., <email />).

Activity 15.1.1.

In XML, a pair of opening and closing tags (<> and <\>) represent what? Select all that apply.

element
A pair of tags in XML can represent an element.
string
A pair of tags in XML does not represent a string.
node
A pair of tags in XML can represent a node.
method
A pair of tags in XML does not represent methods.

Often it is helpful to think of an XML document as a tree structure where there is a top/root element (here: person), and other tags (e.g., phone) are drawn as children of their parent elements.

Activity 15.1.2.

What are the sibling tags of the email tag?

person
The person tag is the parent tag of the email tag.
name
The name tag is a sibling of the email tag.
phone
The phone tag is a sibling of the email tag.
hide
The hide is an attribute name of the email tag.

Activity 15.1.3.

Click on all of the self-closing tags in the XML below.

The self-closing tags do not have both a start and end tag

<person>
    <name>Chuck</name>
    <phone type="intl">
        +1 734 303 4456
    </phone>
    <email hide="yes" />
</person>

Activity 15.1.4.

Click on all of the text in the XML tags below.

The text is between the start tag and end tag

<food>
    <name>French Toast</name>
    <price>$4.50</price>
    <description>
         Thick slices made from our homemade sourdough bread
    </description>
    <calories>600</calories>
</food>

Activity 15.1.5.

Click on all of the attribute names in the XML below.

Attributes look like name="value" and are defined in the start tags.

<person>
    <name>Chuck</name>
    <phone type="intl" >
        +1 734 303 4456
    </phone>
    <email hide="yes" />
</person>

Properly Formatted XML

You have attempted of activities on this page.

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