Activecode Exercises

Answer the following Activecode questions to assess what you have learned in this chapter.

We have a file called “locations.txt” that we want to read data from. Check to make sure that the file was opened properly; if it wasn’t, display an error message and exit with a status of 1.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // YOUR CODE HERE

Below is one way to write code that makes sure the file was opened properly.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { ifstream infile("locations.txt"); if (infile.good() == false) { cout << "Unable to open the file." << endl; exit(1); } }

Let’s write a program that prompts the user for a filename and opens that file.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // YOUR CODE HERE

Below is one way to write the program.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { string filename; cout << "Enter the name of the file: "; cin >> filename; ifstream infile(filename.c_str()); if (infile.good() == false) { cout << "Unable to open the file." << endl; exit(1); } }

Now let’s write some output to a file. Write a program that prompts a user for a list of 5 integers separated by spaces, calculates the average of those integers, and outputs “The average is average” to an output file called “average.txt”. Put the necessary blocks of code in the correct order. Declare the output file first and check that it is opened correctly.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // YOUR CODE HERE

Below is one way to write the program.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { ofstream outfile("average.txt"); if (outfile.good() == false) { cout << "Unable to open the file." << endl; exit(1); } int sum = 0; int n1, n2, n3, n4, n5; cout << "Enter five integers separated by spaces: "; cin >> n1 >> n2 >> n3 >> n4 >> n5; sum = n1 + n2 + n3 + n4 + n5; outfile << "The average is " << sum / 5.0 << endl; }

We are given a file called “data.txt” with an unknown number of double values. Write a program that finds the minimum, maximum, and number of data and outputs these values to a file called “summary.txt”. Declare the input and output files first, and check to see that both are opened correctly before dealing with data. Increment the number of data points before checking for the min and max.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // YOUR CODE HERE

Below is one way to write the code.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { ifstream infile("data.txt"); ofstream outfile("summary.txt"); if (infile.good() == false || outfile.good() == false) { cout << "Unable to open a file." << endl; exit(1); } int numData = 1; double min, max, value; infile >> value; min = value; max = value; while (infile >> value) { ++numData; if (value < min) { min = value; } if (value > max) { max = value; } } outfile << "Number of data: " << numData << ", min: " << min << ", max: " << max << endl; }

You are given a file called “employee_data.txt” and you want to store the information from that file into a vector of data. The file contains information about an employee’s first and last name, age, phone number, and email. Write the definition of an Employee before you write your main function. Open and check the file before working with the data.

#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> using namespace std; // YOUR CODE HERE

Below is one way to define Employee.

#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> using namespace std; struct Employee { string fname; string lname; int age; int phone; string email; Employee(string f, string l, int a, int p, string e) { fname = f; lname = l; age = a; phone = p; email = e; } }; int main() { ifstream infile("employee_data.txt"); if (infile.good() == false) { cout << "Unable to open the file." << endl; exit(1); } vector<Employee> data; string fname, lname, email; int age, phone; while (infile >> fname >> lname >> age >> phone >> email) { Employee e(fname, lname, age, phone, email); data.push_back(e); } }

You are given a file but it appears that someone’s capslock key was stuck because everything is in uppercase. Write a program that takes the input from the file “UPPER.txt” and converts all the words to lowercase and prints out the modified message to a file called “lower.txt”. Write the definition of the function toLower first. Separate the words with spaces.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // YOUR CODE HERE

Below is one way to write the program and toLower function.

#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; string upperToLower(string upper) { for (size_t i = 0; i < upper.length(); ++i) { upper[i] = toupper(upper[i]); } return upper; } int main() { ifstream infile("UPPER.txt"); ofstream outfile("lower.txt"); if (infile.good() == false || outfile.good() == false) { cout << "Unable to open a file." << endl; exit(1); } string word; while (infile >> word) { string upper = upperToLower(word); outfile << upper << " "; } }

Nobody ever put a limit on how many files we can work with. Does this mean we can open two or more files at once? Yes we can! Write a program that combines two files “odds.txt” and “evens.txt” into one output file “numbers.txt”. You should combine them in a way such that “numbers.txt” contains the first odd number then the first even number then the second odd number and so on. You are guaranteed that there are equal amounts of odd and even numbers.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // YOUR CODE HERE

Below is one way to write the prgram.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { ifstream odds("odds.txt"); ifstream evens("evens.txt"); ofstream outfile("numbers.txt"); if (!odds.good() || !evens.good() || !outfile.good()) { cout << "Unable to open a file." << endl; exit(1); } int odd, even; while (odds >> odd && evens >> even) { outfile << odd << " " << even << " "; } }

In chapter 15.7 we defined the Set data structure. Write a function vectorToSet which takes a vector of data and returns a Set object with the data. Put the Set definition first in your answer.

#include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; // YOUR CODE HERE

Below is one way to write the vectorToSet function.

#include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; class Set { private: vector<string> elements; int numElements; public: Set (int n); int getNumElements () const; string getElement (int i) const; int find (const string& s) const; int add (const string& s); }; Set vectorToSet(vector<string> data) { Set s(data.size()); for (size_t i = 0; i < data.size(); ++i) { s.add(data[i]); } }

Let’s write the struct definition for a Matrix! The underlying data structure is a vector of vectors of int``s. Write the constructor and ``at function, which returns the data stored at a given row and column.

#include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; // YOUR CODE HERE

Below is one way to define Matrix and write the functions.

#include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; class Matrix { private: vector<vector<int> > elements; public: Matrix (int numRows, int numCols) { vector<int> row(numCols); for (int i = 0; i < numRows; ++i) { elements.push_back(row); } } int at(int row, int col) { return elements[row][col]; } };

Now that we have the basic structure of a Matrix, let’s write a function that allows us to add data to a matrix. Write the Matrix member function setData which takes a row and column index as well as a data value and stores the data value in the Matrix at the given location. Then read data in from a file called data.txt. The first line contains the number of rows and columns, separated by a space. Data values begin on the next line.

#include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; // YOUR CODE HERE

Below is one way to setData member function.

#include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; class Matrix { private: vector<vector<int> > elements; public: Matrix (int numRows, int numCols) { vector<int> row(numCols); for (int i = 0; i < numRows; ++i) { elements.push_back(row); } } int at(int row, int col) { return elements[row][col]; } }; void Matrix::setData (int row, int col, int value) { elements[row][col] = value; } int main() { ifstream infile("data.txt"); if (!odds.good() || !evens.good() || !outfile.good()) { cout << "Unable to open a file." << endl; exit(1); } int numRows, numCols, data; infile >> numRows >> numCols; Matrix mat(numRows, numCols); while (infile >> data) { for (int i = 0; i < numRows; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < numCols; ++j) { mat.setData(i, j, data); } } } }

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