2.1. Values and types

A value is one of the basic things a program works with, like a letter or a number. You can print values in Python. See what happens when you run the following code.

print(17) print('Hello World!')

These values belong to different types: 17 is an integer, and “Hello World!” is a string, so called because it contains a “string” of letters. You can identify strings because they are enclosed in quotation marks.

If you are not sure what type a value has, use the type function to find out.

print(type('Hello, World!')) print(type(17)) print(type(3.2))

Not surprisingly, strings belong to the type str and integers belong to the type int. Less obviously, numbers with a decimal point belong to a type called float, because these numbers are represented in a format called floating point.

What about values like “17” and “3.2”? They look like numbers, but they are in quotation marks like strings.

csp-10-2-3: The values “17” and “3.2” are what type?

• float
• "3.2" has a decimal but "17" does not, is there an option that would include both values?
• integer (int)
• What do the quotation marks mean?
• string (str)
• Quotation marks imply that the value is a string.
• boolean (bool)
• A boolean value represents either *True* or *False*.

They’re strings. We can check this using the active codeblock below.

print(type('17')) print(type('3.2'))

When you type a large integer, you might be tempted to use commas between groups of three digits, as in 1,000,000. This is not a legal integer in Python, but it is legal:

print(1,000,000)

Well, that’s probably not what you expected! Python interprets 1,000,000 as a comma-separated sequence of integers, which it prints with spaces between.

This is the first example we have seen of a semantic error: the code runs without producing an error message, but it doesn’t do the “right” thing.

csp-10-2-6: How would you print the integer 1,000,000?

• print("1,000,000")
• We are trying to print an integer, what do the quotation marks do?
• print(1000000)
• To print an integer don't use commas or quotations.
• print(1,000,000)
• See the example above, commas in between the digits produce spaces.
• print 1000000
• Remember to use parentheses to print!

csp-10-2-7: Drag and drop the values to match each with its type. Try using type(x) in terminal or your python interpreter.
• "Hello, World!"
• string (str)
• 17
• integer (int)
• 3.2
• float
• a
• character (char)
• True
• boolean (bool)

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