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6.5. Practice Makes Perfect

Here’s a reminder of the drawing commands we’ve learned so far:

Drawing commands

What does it do?

forward( distance )

Move forward a specified distance

backward( distance )

Move backward a specified distance

left(90)

Turns 90 degrees to the left (you can use any angle, not just 90!)

right(90)

Turns 90 degrees to the right

circle( radius )

Draws a circle with the specified radius

goto( x, y )

Move straight to the position with coordinates (x, y). Note: the center is (0, 0)

up()

Stop leaving a trail

down()

Start drawing a trail

color( c )

Set the color to c (https://trinket.io/docs/colors)

begin_fill()

Starts filling in drawn shapes

end_fill()

Stops filling in drawn shapes

speed(number 0-10)

Determines how quickly the turtle will move through commands


Functions and Loops

Drawing commands

What does it do?

for i in range( n ):

Repeat n times

def function_name():

Creates and defines a new function

function_name()

Calls a function


And here are the new commands we’ll be learning this week!

Command

What does it do?

print( message )

Output the message

variable = value

Stores the value in your variable

variable = input( message )

Takes user input and stores it in your variable



What are variables and user input all about?




Let’s test out how to use variables! Use the code below or python tutor to walk through some examples.




Image of a blue circle drawn with Python Turtle
How could you use variables and user input to draw different colored circles?


Image of a three circles drawn with Python Turtle
How could you use variables and user input to draw different sized circles? Run the code below to see how you can use variables with turtle commands. Try changing the radius variable to see what it does!
Then try drawing a third cirlce that gets the radius value from the user!


Image of four circles in a row drawn with Python Turtle
How could we repeat code as many times as the user wants?
Let’s combine what we know about user input with what we know about loops!


Image of a colorful rectangles in a row drawn with Python Turtle
How could you use variables and user input to draw a library?
Every library must have books - could you define a function to draw a book?
Then, could you take user input to set the color of each book?
Give it a try!
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